Same sex couple SHOULD BE allowed to marry Essay

Same sex couple SHOULD BE permitted to wed - Essay Example Nations like Belgium, Netherlands and Canada give lawful help to gay marriage. Most importantly as a similar sex couples love one another and prepared to live respectively it is their entitlement to seek after their alternative (Filer, 2010). Disavowal of same sex marriage is hostile in at any rate and numerous steady perspectives could be found in such manner. Most importantly being a gay or lesbian doesn't deny an individual their citizenship. In this way, all the residents of a country ought to have equivalent rights. There ought not be a division based on their sex. As the hetero has the opportunity to wed the individual whom the person adores the individual who favors same sex ought to likewise be permitted to wed the one whom the individual in question likes. The constitution of a nation is composed for all the residents of that nation and the disavowal of their privileges is unjustifiable with respect to the constitution. Government ought not meddle in peoples’ exclusive issues and the refusal of union with a specific fragment of populace is clear segregation. Marriage should happen based on the affection between two people and sexual orientation isn't a deciding component of one’s love. It is the pri ncipal right of each resident. As affection is the fundamental factor of wedded life refusal of joining between two adoring hearts in light of same sex is savage and boorish. Individuals who remain against same sex marriage state that marriage is for reproduction. In any case, that is an off-base thought as marriage essentially targets adoring and minding of two people. Progressively over yonder are various hetero couples who don't reproduce. There have been endeavors to representation gay as freaks and topple their entitlement to wed according to their will. Most likely strict are there behind it, particularly the catholic. Yet, one should remember the way that the constitution is composed not only for a specific strict gathering and it's anything but a strict record (Homosexuality and

What Disciplinary Sanctions Should Teachers Be Allowed to Use?

In prior hundreds of years, physical discipline was a typical thing. Educators would utilize a stick to hurt their understudies when they made trouble, significantly more amazingly instructors would have their kids stoop on the ground with their hands noticeable all around for an hour to cause them extensive torment in spots, for example, Africa. Be that as it may, presently these kinds of disciplines are viewed as unethical and incomprehensible by guardians and instructors. Understudies are currently rebuffed with detainments and notes to their folks which albeit less extreme is apparently a superior and progressively well known strategy for schools.Firstly, hitting as a disciplinary authorization ought not be permitted by educators since it doesn't show youngsters anything. School is intended to show kids the aptitudes they will require as an adult which incorporates knowing right from wrong. Hitting as a discipline doesn't show this exercise in light of the fact that the youngster will just dread agony whenever, rather than understanding that what they did was unsuitable, and this implies they can not progress mentally. Moreover, hitting isn't right since it is harming kids. A great deal of the time, devious conduct originates from issues at home which youngsters for the most part can't keep from happening.So hitting leave kids feeling progressively discouraged and befuddled when they ought to find support from their school. Instructors can likewise so effectively go to far when they are hitting youngsters, and regardless of whether rules are put for to what extent or for what reason a kid ought to be hit, its absolutely impossible we can screen the educators. In this way hitting can not be a long haul or safe approach to raise younger students well. Notwithstanding, some contend that hitting as a disciplinary activity ought to be brought back on the grounds that detainments and different sorts of advanced disciplines are simply not acceptable enough.Surely causing them to feel dread before doing a mischievous thing, will in the long run condition them to understand that doing certain things are terrible in light of the fact that you will be seriously rebuffed? In addition there are a few understudies who are too mischievous for different less serious disciplines and in this way hitting is the best way to get them to carry on. The more current disciplinary approval of confinements are an ostensibly much better type of discipline for all understudies since it drives them to remain in school one hour longer than expected. Most youngsters can not hold on to escape school so they can go out with their friends.Therefore remaining behind at school causes kids to feel forgot about and this will apparently prevent them from doing a wicked thing since they would not have any desire to remain in school when they could be with messing around with their companions. Besides, different strategies, for example, being hit by your educator can not be m ade mindful to the guardians as effectively as getting detainment after school can. By and large a letter is sent home, however regardless of whether one isn’t, the guardians would see the delay of the understudy and would in the end discover out.Students would need to manage their parent’s discipline for getting a confinement combined with the school discipline and this all implies a recurrent offense ought to be significantly less likely. Anyway this isn't for all intents and purposes the case since detainments just are not serious enough to prevent incredibly nothing youngsters from getting into mischief. Kids are effectively ready to create lies for their folks and never have them no about the hour they needed to spend at school doing schoolwork or in any event, being with their companions who got detainment as well.Detention, these days, is a greater amount of an irritating task than anything to truly maintain a strategic distance from by understudies. As of late there have been considers demonstrating an enormous increment in the measure of swearing and oppressive conduct in study halls in less fortunate territories of Greater London. It is basic that we have appropriate approvals for these understudies in light of the fact that without it a shrewd understudy will proceed with their awful conduct onto the road and this could bring about awful consequences.So, apparently the strategy for detainment is a frail method of discipline since it isn't sufficiently brutal to stop youngsters being wicked however right now there is by all accounts no other moderately successful approach to rebuff kids. Taking everything into account, hitting is seen for the most part by all as heartless and pointless for the advancement of youngsters and basically excessively serious. Detainment likewise is viewed as an exercise in futility, ineffectual and just not serious enough. Subsequently, it is vital that schools think of another cutting edge disciplinary autho rization that has the perfect measure of seriousness to have the option to battle the bringing up number of devious youngsters in specific schools.

I would like to find an astronomer to talk to

I would like to find an astronomer to talk to I just returned from a weeks vacation with family and friends. I put vacation in quotations not because it wasnt wonderful it was but only because, as is so often the case with vacations, I return from mine more exhausted than when I embarked. So Ive spent most of the day digging out from under the work that accumulated while I was not working, and take what comfort I can from the knowledge that I was gone but certainly not forgotten. Ive got a blog post in the works about how to write your college essays. I just finished working with the MITES and E2 kids so this subject is both fresh in my mind and timely for yours as the application season approaches. I hope to post it some day soon. That day is not this day. Today I am just going to rip a post from Ta-Nehisi Coates an editor at The Atlantic and one of my favorite bloggers in which he quotes the introduction to  E.L. Doctorows novel City of God. I quote it for the same reasons TNC did in his post: because its a shocking reminder of the strength of good writing. Reading this introduction is like being kicked in the face by an ox, except rather than concussing the reader it snaps everything into focus. No hidden message or commentary from me here. Just good writing. Read and enjoy. So the theory has it that the universe expanded exponentially from a point, a singular space/time point, a moment/thing, some original particulate event or quantum substantive happenstance, to an extent that the word explosion is inadequate, though the theory is known as the Big Bang. What we are supposed to keep in mind, in our mind, is that the universe didn't burst out into pre-existent available space, it was the space that blew out, taking everything with it in a great expansive flowering, a silent flash into being in a second or two of the entire outrushing universe of gas and matter and darkness-light, a cosmic floop of nothing into the volume and chronology of spacetime. Okay? And universal history since has seen a kind of evolution of star matter, of elemental dust, nebulae, burning, glowing, pulsing, everything flying away from everything else for the last fifteen or so billion years. But what does it mean that the original singularity, or the singular originality, which included in its submicroscopic being all space, all time, that was to voluminously suddenly and monumentally erupt into concepts that we can understand, or learn-what does it mean to say that ... the universe did not blast into being through space but that space, itself a property of the universe, is what blasted out along with everything in it? What does it mean to say that space is what expanded, stretched, flowered? Into what? The universe expanding even now its galaxies of burning suns, dying stars, metallic monuments of stone, clouds of cosmic dust, must be filling ... something. If it is expanding it has perimeters, at present far beyond any ability of ours to measure. What do things look like just at the instant's action at the edge of the universe? What is just beyond that rushing, overwhelming parametric edge before it is overwhelmed? What is being overcome, filled, enlivened, lit? Or is there no edge, no border, but an infinite series of universes expanding into one another, all at the same time? So that the expanding expands futilely into itself, an infinitely convoluting dark matter of ghastly insensate endlessness, with no properties, no volume, no transformative elemental energies of light or force or pulsing quanta, all these being inventions of our own consciousness, and our consciousness, lacking volume and physical quality in itself, a project as finally mindless, cold, and inhuman as the universe of our illusion. I would like to find an astronomer to talk to. I think how people numbed themselves to survive the camps. So do astronomers deaden themselves to the starry universe? I mean, seeing the universe as a job? (Not to exonerate the rest of us, who are given these painful intimations of the universal vastness and then go about our lives as if it is no more than an exhibit at the Museum of Natural History.) Does the average astronomer doing his daily work understand that beyond the celestial phenomena given to his study, the calculations of his radiometry, to say nothing of the obligated awe of his professional life, lies a truth so monumentally horrifying-this ultimate context of our striving, this conclusion of our historical intellects so hideous to contemplate-that even one's turn to God cannot alleviate the misery of such profound, disastrous, hopeless infinitude? That's my question. In fact if God is involved in this matter, these elemental facts, these apparent concepts, He is so fearsome as to be beyond any human entreaty for our solace, or comfort, or the redemption that would come of our being brought into His secret.

A Study On A Culture Of Peace - 10177 Words

Chapter One 1. Introduction This is an introductory chapter which contains the background of the study that provides a brief overview of the study at the beginning. It gives hints about the concept of a culture of peace and emphasizes on the roles of education particularly higher education for the building of a culture of peace in Ethiopia. The second part of the chapter deals with the research problem statement followed by the basic research questions. Subsequently, the main and specific objectives of the study are also included followed by the rationale and contributions of the study. The focus of the study is also included in this chapter followed by organization of the dissertation. Finally, operational definitions of key terms are†¦show more content†¦Recently, human casualties are also continuing in many countries in the world through violence and violent conflicts. In this regard, the UCDP conflict encyclopedia portrays that in recent years there are different kinds of conflicts in many countri es of the world. In Africa, for instance, countries like Algeria, Central Africa Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Egypt, Kenya, Libya, Mali, Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda were engaged in one or more conflicts in 2012 (UCDP, 2015). These violent conflicts occurred and were aggravated due to various reasons. Most of the sources of these conflicts are related to the problems of equality, justice, good governance, freedom, identity, human rights, cooperation and the utilization of scarce resources. These sources of violence ignite the development of some characteristics of a culture of war and violence such as inequality, injustice and authoritarian governance in the society which eliminates the basics of peacefulness. It is, however, impossible to think and visualize any meaningful human progress when the society is affected by injustice, inhumanity, poverty, hunger, illiteracy, disease and violence, and predominantly without peace and security. In this case, there is an urgent and enormous responsibility on responsible citizens to find appropriate solutions for these problems and to fulfill, or at least to satisfy the fundamental

Black Death - Causes, Symptoms Impact - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 650 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/07/03 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Black Death Essay Did you like this example? The Black Plague, The Bubonic Plague, or The Black Death, whatever you would like to call it, its horribleness will never change. The effect of this horrible plague put on our world will never be forgotten. The Black Death swept across a large part of the world starting in Asia to quickly find its way to the countries in Europe. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Black Death Causes, Symptoms Impact" essay for you Create order It was completely unexpected and so abrupt people believed it was a dark spirit coming to make them pay for their sins. Traveling by the carrier, this infection was incurable at the time. It went away after a few years but came back a few times, due to the unsanitary terrain. (Bell, Katie. Fowler, Dave. 🙂 Almost immediately after the plague was identified it quickly spread across Europe with no stop. People fled from the disease hoping to find a safe place but failed that task to only find more death and tragedy. Lots of people secretly think in fear that the Black Death might someday come back again. Their idea is that with climate change and global warming there will be no sanitary place on earth left, leading to more diseases such as the bubonic plague except when it comes back it will never leave. As I said, the reason or place that the plague would resurface would be because of uncleanness in an unsanitary place. The plague is spread by filthy rats or fleas traveling from city to city or human to human. In the end, the disease was carried by none other than a living host. The key things to stopping this horrible thing from resurfacing would be to keep trying to grow and save our one and only earth. (Admin,) As the plague spread widely throughout Europe almost entirely doctors became harder and harder to find. The cause of this was because doctors were too afraid to help patients because they were afraid to catch the plague themselves. While some doctors were fleeing from their patients others had caught the plague already, then giving up and just trying to heal themselves and others. The plague was incurable at the moment and lots of other negative terms. Doctors had unique and sometimes crazy methods to cure the plague, such as smooshing a chopped snake on boils or cutting up a pigeon and rubbing it over an infected body eventually finding that nothing was working to heal infected patients. On some rare occasions, doctors figured out how to subdue large side effects for the patient but not forever. We could say that all doctors either went into hiding from gone mad patients or died out from the plague themselves during this horrid time period. But we will never truly know. (editor, bbc.com) We often wonder how something like this could spread so quickly. Interestingly an earthquake released a disease called Bacillus, a rod-shaped bacteria. The bacteria infected rats, to make the circumstances worse rats were everywhere at the time. The fleas feasting on the rats obtained the plague immediately giving the plague right over to the humans. Rats moved quickly across Europe in large transportation like trains, cargo ships or just on their feet. Humans also spread it increasingly quick not to mention there was no cure for it at the time. An interesting method to kill enemies inhabiting castles was to catapult bodies infected with the plague over the castle walls in hopes to spread it throughout the castle. (Bell, Katie. Fowler, Dave.toatallytimelines.com) Luckily today, the plague is completely curable with antibiotics if given early. No one should have to worry about getting that disease any time soon. It is a large topic to talk about, though for many people have ancestors who experienced that are unaware. We do face strong infections, diseases, and different types of cancer today that cause many problems but not many can match the Black Death! (Fowler, Dave. totallytimelines.com.)

Which Is More Effective In Reducing Arm Lymphoedema For Breast Cancer Patients Free Essays

string(88) " should be performed in all patients who undergo operative treatment for breast cancer\." Breast cancer treatment involves different aspects like through surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, bone marrow transplant, oophorectomy, and adrenalectomy. With this kind of treatments, the patient may develop arm lymphoedema due to the surgery to remove lymph nodes or radiotherapy to the lymph nodes in the armpit. If lymphoedema is not treated, it will get worse. We will write a custom essay sample on Which Is More Effective In Reducing Arm Lymphoedema For Breast Cancer Patients or any similar topic only for you Order Now It can be painful and make it difficult to move the arm. This complication can lead to systemic infections and localized swelling that will be very hard to bear. But today, lymphoedema is becoming less common. This is because specialists now try to avoid giving women both surgery and radiotherapy to the armpit. Having surgery and radiotherapy to the armpit greatly increases the risk of damaging the lymph nodes and causing lymphoedema. It is important that the patient know about his or her disease and the risk of developing lymphoedema. Poor drainage of the lymphatic system due to surgical removal of the lymph nodes or to radiation therapy may make the affected arm or leg more susceptible to serious infection. Even a small infection may lead to serious lymphoedema. Patients should be taught about arm care after surgery and/or radiation. It is important that patients take precautions to prevent injury and infection in the affected arm because lymphoedema can occur 30 or more years after surgery. Breast cancer patients who follow instructions about skin care and proper exercise after mastectomy are less likely to experience lymphoedema. As management of lymphoedema, compression bandages and manual lymphatic drainage are the mostly used care for such patients. Statement Of Fact After treatment, some things can increase fluid collection in your arm and increase your risk of lymphoedema. These include Infection in a cut or graze, insect bites, severe sunburn, putting too much strain on your arm too early. But this can be prevented by not using your arm for anything heavy until you are told you can, not letting anyone take blood, give injections or take your blood pressure from the treated arm, unless it is an emergency and there is no alternative, wearing gloves when gardening or doing housework, taking care when playing with pets, using insect repellent and high factor sunscreen, using nail clippers rather than scissors and not pushing your cuticles back, using an electric razor rather than a manual one if you shave under your arms, avoiding anything that will increase the temperature of your skin, like very hot baths or showers, sitting too close to a heater, saunas, steam rooms and sun beds, using a non scented moisturizer or oil on your skin each day to help it stay moist and supple, using a thimble when sewing, continuing to do the arm and shoulder exercises you were taught after your surgery. If you do get a cut or scratch on your arm, however small, wash it well and cover it un til healed. If you see any redness or swelling around the cut, see your GP straight away. You may need antibiotic. Lymphoedema can start at any time after there have been treated for breast cancer. It is important to take these precautions for the rest of life. If lymphoedema has occurred already, it can be managed by exercises that help the fluid to drain from your arm, compression bandages or by manual lymphatic drainage. Definition of Terms: 1. Lymph – a pale coagulable fluid that bathes the tissues, passes into the lymphatic channels and ducts, is discharged into the blood by way of the thoracic duct, and consists of a liquid portion resembling blood plasma and containing white blood cells but normally no red blood cells. 2. Lymphatic – a vessel that contains or conveys lymph, that originates as an interfibrillar or intracellular cleft or space in a tissue or organ. 3. Lymph node – any of the rounded masses of lymphoid tissue that are surrounded by a capsule of connective tissue , are distributed along the lymphatic vessels, and contain numerous lymphocytes which filter the flow of lymph passing through the node. 4. Arm Lymphoedema – swelling of the arm and armpit due to the treatment of breast cancer by surgery or radiation. 5. Lymphoedema – edema due to faulty lymphatic drainage. 6. Breast cancer – a carcinoma in the breast 7. Axillary lymph clearance – operative management for disease control in invasive breast cancer, obtaining prognostic information and influencing postoperative therapy including the choice of breast cancer trials. Main Body The management of lymphoedema consists of compression bandages, manual lymphatic drainage, or by exercises but shou ld be done by trained or specialist person. Mostly used now are the compression bandages and the manual lymphatic drainage. In using the management of lymphoedema, the patient should have passed the axillary lymph clearance. Axillary node clearance is the established operative management for disease control in invasive breast cancer, obtaining prognostic information and influencing postoperative therapy including the choice of breast cancer trials. Dying of Breast Cancer in the 1800s iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" src="https://phdessay.com/dying-of-breast-cancer-in-the-1800s/embed/#?secret=e4RLxn6N05" data-secret="e4RLxn6N05" width="500" height="282" title="#8220;Dying of Breast Cancer in the 1800s#8221; #8212; Free Essays - PhDessay.com" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"/iframe Axillary node clearance can be defined as clearing the axillary contents bounded by the axillary skin laterally, latissimus dorsi, teres major and subscapularis posteriorly, the lower border of the axillary vein superiorly, pectoralis muscles anteriorly, and the chest wall medially. The levels of axillary nodes are anatomically defined as level one (inferolateral to pectoralis minor), level two (posterior to pectoralis minor) and level three (superomedial to pectoralis minor). There are alternatives to level one, two and three axillary node clearance for breast cancer. Some surgeons simply excise the lower axillary nodes (level one), others believe, particularly for small or impalpable cancers, that an axillary node sample taking a minimum of 4 nodes is a satisfactory alternative. Most recently the concept of sentinel node biopsy (reviewed by McIntosh and Purushotham in 1998) has been exciting great interest. Current recommendations, by a range of surgical and oncological groups, are that some form of axillary surgery, and hence axillary staging, should be performed in all patients who undergo operative treatment for breast cancer. You read "Which Is More Effective In Reducing Arm Lymphoedema For Breast Cancer Patients" in category "Papers" It is no longer acceptable to ignore the axilla if performing surgery for breast cancer. The axilla is one of the area with lymph nodes mostly affected by breast cancer and the patient who finished the axillary lymph clearance will then be undergoing the management of compression bandages or the manual lymphatic drainage. There is no cure for lymphoedema, which makes proper care and treatment of the affected arm even more important. Compression bandaging, also called wrapping, is the application of several layers of padding and short-stretch bandages to the involved areas. Short-stretch bandages are preferred over long-stretch bandages (such as those normally used to treat sprains), as the long-stretch bandages cannot produce the higher tension necessary to safely reduce Lymphoedema and may in fact end up producing a tourniquet effect. During activity, whether exercise or daily activities, the short-stretch bandages enhance the pumping action of the lymph vessels by providing increased resistance for them to push against. This encourages lymphatic flow and helps to soften fluid-swollen areas. Compression bandages gives comfort to the patient through giving pressure and compression in the affected area specifically in the arm and armpits. It serves as a support in the said area preventing further swelling and redness. Practitioners may want to encourage long-term and consistent use of compression bandages by women with lymphoedema. Its advantage is in terms of support and comfort to the patient and less invasive. Compression bandages may also protect the extremity from injuries such as burns, lacerations and insect bites. The compression bandage has its benefits such as it is less costly and patient does not need further effort to use it because it is for support and pressure in the specified area. In contrast to compression bandages, another management to lymphoedema is through manual lymphatic drainage. One of the main treatments for lymphoedema is a massage-like technique called manual lymphatic drainage that helps to stimulate the lymphatic vessels. However, massage, the way people generally think of massage, is a vigorous technique that can cause an increase in fluid production. The type of massage that is used to treat lymphoedema is a very gentle technique. Lymphatic massage is directed towards the heart from the fingertips, up the arm, towards the shoulder, and there are very specific directions and strokes that are used in this particular massage. A very specialized type of massage called manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) is an important part of the treatment of lymphoedema. To be effective in treating lymphoedema, it is important to use the correct technique. The aim of the massage is to stimulate or move the excess fluid away from the swollen area so that it can drain away normally. Massage also encourages and improves drainage in the healthy lymphatics (which helps keep fluid away from swollen areas). Manual lymphatic drainage differs from ordinary massage – it is very gentle and aims to encourage movement of lymph away from swollen areas. MLD is particularly useful if there is swelling in the face, breast, abdomen, genitals or elsewhere on the trunk. As this is a specialized form of massage, it should be given only by a trained therapist. There are some other different techniques including the Vodder, Foldi, Leduc or Casley-Smith methods. Therapists should be trained in at least one of these. The aim of this massage is to stimulate the lymph channels on the trunk to clear the way ahead so excess fluid can drain away. The skin is always moved away from the swollen side. You will find it easier to start with one hand, and then swap to the other as you move across the body. Before and after MLD, breathing exercises can help to stimulate lymphatic drainage. This can be done by letting the patient sit upright in a comfortable chair or lie on your bed with your knees slightly bent. Rest his hands on ribs and let patient take deep breaths to relax. This exercise should be done 5 times and there should be short rests before getting up to avoid dizziness. Manual lymphatic drainage is improved during exercise; therefore, exercise is important in preventing lymphoedema. Breast cancer patients should do hand and arm exercises as instructed after mastectomy. Patients who have surgery that affects pelvic lymph node drainage should do leg and foot exercises as instructed. The doctor decides how soon after surgery the patient should start exercising. Physiatrists (doctors who specialize in physical medicine and rehabilitation) or physical therapists should develop an individualized exercise program for the patient. The advantage of the manual lymphatic drainage as management of lymphoedema is that it gives opportunity for open wounds to drain with gentle massage and excess exudates to drain freely without pressure. In terms of the disadvantage side of the management of lymphoedema, it differs also. In compression bandages, there is an exemption in placing it especially if the affected area has an open wound or has an ample amount of drainage in the area or with pus. The pressure given by the compression bandage can even more contribute to the entry of microorganisms or infection to occur. This may cause another disease process to start and give greater complications to the patient. Compression bandages are probably the most difficult problem is in the maintenance and control of lymphoedema before, during and after treatment. Patients may be noncompliant with using compression garments because the garments are unsightly, uncomfortable, difficult to put on and expensive. Customized, lightweight and colourful garments may be an option for comfort and wear. As for the manual lymph drainage, its disadvantage is in terms of the inaccurate use of the MLD of the one giving care which can also rupture other lymph nodes in the area and also as well as the hygienic process in giving the manual lymphatic drainage. Some patients also experience some discomfort on such procedure as the drainage is in its process. The preference in such procedures is by the patient by giving proper education and explanation on each management. Conclusion Both compression bandages and manual lymphatic drainage as management of arm lymphoedema gives comfort and benefit to the patient giving different of care to the patient in relieving such discomfort. Both have advantages and disadvantages to consider but what matters most is the greater care and comfort the patient gets in being free of pain and swelling in such areas which would be very difficult for the patient to do the activities of daily living with an arm that cannot be moved and with great amount of pain being experienced. It also is extremely important to remember that a certified lymphoedema therapist needs to either perform the treatment or educate the patient and/or family members in self-care techniques, once the patient has gone through an intensive treatment program. The therapist will design the treatment plan based on the severity of the lymphoedema. It can also depend on the type of reimbursement patients can get from their health plans. In my practice, for example, we would treat a patient with a mild upper extremity lymphoedema for a five-day period, including of manual lymphatic drainage (MLD), bandaging, exercise, and also education in self-care. So by the end of the five days, usually the patient is able to manually drain the limb and follow a home program. There is no greater comparison on both management, the physician orders such management for the patient’s welfare and fast recovery yet this lymphoedema does not have the accurate cure but just the rehabilitation to the pain and swelling to the arms and its surrounding areas. It may be done by compression bandage or manual lymph drainage, it all points out to the care of the patient that lessens the access of infection, occurrence of pain and swelling. How to cite Which Is More Effective In Reducing Arm Lymphoedema For Breast Cancer Patients, Papers

Hofstede Cultural Dimension Indonesia Essay Example For Students

Hofstede Cultural Dimension Indonesia Essay Hofstede Cultural Dimension imensions * Description for each of Hofstedes Dimensions listed below Indonesia has Power Distance (PDI) as its highest ranking Hofstede Dimension at 78. The high Power Distance (PDI) is indicative of a high level of inequality of power and wealth within the society. This condition is not necessarily forced upon the population, but rather accepted by the society as part of their cultural heritage. The average Power Distance for the greater Asian countries is 71. The second highest Hofstede ranking for Indonesia is Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI) at 48, compared to the greater Asian average of 58 and a world average of 64. This reflects a more moderated influence of this Dimension within the Indonesian society. Generally, a high Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI) indicates the society’s low level of tolerance for uncertainty. In an effort to minimize or reduce this level of uncertainty, strict rules, laws, policies, and regulations are adopted and implemented. The ultimate goal of this population is to control everything in order to eliminate or avoid the unexpected. As a result of this high Uncertainty Avoidance characteristic, the society does not readily accept change and is very risk adverse. Indonesia has one of the lowest world rankings for Individualism with a 14, compared to the greater Asian rank of 23, and world rank of 43. The score on this Dimension indicates the Indonesian society is Collectivist as compared to Individualist. This is manifest in a close long-term commitment to the member group, is that a family, extended family, or extended relationships. Loyalty in a collectivist culture is paramount, and over-rides most other societal rules and regulations. The society fosters strong relationships where everyone takes responsibility for fellow members of their group The combination of these two high scores (UAI) and (PDI) create societies that are highly rule-oriented with laws, rules, regulations, and controls in order to reduce the amount of uncertainty, while inequalities of power and wealth have been allowed to grow within the society. These cultures are more likely to follow a caste system that does not allow significant upward mobility of its citizens. When these two Dimensions are combined, it creates a situation where leaders have virtually ultimate power and authority, and the rules, laws and regulations developed by those in power, reinforce their own leadership and control. It is not unusual for new leadership to arise from armed insurrection – the ultimate power, rather than from diplomatic or democratic change. * * * Power Distance Index (PDI) that is the extent to which the less powerful members of organizations and institutions (like the family) accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. This represents inequality (more versus less), but defined from below, not from above. It suggests that a societys level of inequality is endorsed by the followers as much as by the leaders. Power and inequality, of course, are extremely fundamental facts of any society and anybody with some international experience will be aware that all societies are unequal, but some are more unequal than others. Individualism (IDV) on the one side versus its opposite, collectivism, that is the degree to which individuals are inte-grated into groups. On the individualist side we find societies in which the ties between individuals are loose: everyone is expected to look after him/herself and his/her immediate family. On the collectivist side, we find societies in which people from birth onwards are integrated into strong, cohesive in-groups, often extended families (with uncles, aunts and grandparents) which continue protecting them in exchange for unquestioning loyalty. The word collectivism in this sense has no political meaning: it refers to the group, not to the state. Again, the issue addressed by this dimension is an extremely fundamental one, regarding all societies in the world. .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760 , .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760 .postImageUrl , .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760 , .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760:hover , .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760:visited , .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760:active { border:0!important; } .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760:active , .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760 .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u66439b45ae044a7371785fffb041c760:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: TOC in Project Management EssayMasculinity (MAS) versus its opposite, femininity, refers to the distribution of roles between the genders which is another fundamental issue for any society to which a range of solutions are found. The IBM studies revealed that (a) womens values differ less among societies than mens values; (b) mens values from one country to another contain a dimension from very assertive and competitive and maximally different from womens values on the one side, to modest and caring and similar to womens values on the other. The assertive pole has been called masculine and the modest, caring pole feminine. The women in feminine countries have the same modest, caring values as the men; in the masculine countries they are somewhat assertive and competitive, but not as much as the men, so that these countries show a gap between mens values and womens values. Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI) deals with a societys tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity; it ultimately refers to mans search for Truth. It indicates to what extent a culture programs its members to feel either uncomfortable or comfortable in unstructured situations. Unstructured situations are novel, unknown, surprising, different from usual. Uncertainty avoiding cultures try to minimize the possibility of such situations by strict laws and rules, safety and security measures, and on the philosophical and religious level by a belief in absolute Truth; there can only be one Truth and we have it. People in uncertainty avoiding countries are also more emotional, and motivated by inner nervous energy. The opposite type, uncertainty accepting cultures, are more tolerant of opinions different from what they are used to; they try to have as few rules as possible, and on the philosophical and religious level they are relativist and allow many currents to flow side by side. People within these cultures are more phlegmatic and contemplative, and not expected by their environment to express emotions. Long-Term Orientation (LTO) versus short-term orientation: this fifth dimension was found in a study among students in 23 countries around the world, using a questionnaire designed by Chinese scholars It can be said to deal with Virtue regardless of Truth. Values associated with Long Term Orientation are thrift and perseverance; values associated with Short Term Orientation are respect for tradition, fulfilling social obligations, and protecting ones face. Both the positively and the negatively rated values of this dimension are found in the teachings of Confucius, the most influential Chinese philosopher who lived around 500 B. C. ; however, the dimension also applies to countries without a Confucian heritage.